Source apportionment of single aerosol particles in the atmosphere of Shanghai city

QIU Zhi-Jun，

LU Rong-Rong，

GUO Pan-Lin，

WANG Ji-Qing，

QIU Hui-Yuan，

LI Xiao-Lin，

ZHU Jie-Qing，

REINERT T，

HEITMANN J，

SPEMANN D，

VOGT J，

FLAGMEYER R H，

BUTZ T

Nuclear Science and Techniques

Vol.12, No.3

pp.215-233

Published in print 01 Aug 2001

CLC：X831, O657.34

138100

A nuclear microprobe with high spatial resolution and high analyti cal sensitivity was applied to analyze atmospheric aerosol at five monitoring sites in Shanghai city. Meantime, a new pattern recognition technique, which used the micro PIXE spectrum of a single aerosol particle as its fingerprint, was developed to identify the origin of the particle. The results showed that the major contributors to the atmosphere pollution were soil dust (31.6%), building dust (30.8%), and the next were vehicle exhaust (13.7%), metallurgic industry excrements (5.6%), oil combustion (5%) and coal combustion (2.3%). Besides these, about 10% of the particles could not be identified. Based on the cluster analysis of these particles, they could be divided into eight groups. By inference, they might belong to some sub-pollution sources from soil dust, building dust and metallurgic industry excrements. Moreover, some new pollution sources from tyres and chemical plants were also revealed.

Single aerosol particle analysisSource apportionmentNuclear microprobePattern recognition technique

References

Watson J G, Chow J C, Aerosol measurement: principles, techniques and applications. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1993: 1〜20

Chow J C, Watson J G, Lowenthal D H et al. Atmos Environ, 1992, 26a: 3335~3354

Wei F, Teng E, Wu G et al. Environ Sci Tech, 1999, 33: 4188〜4193

Maenhaut W, Salomonbic R. Ptasinski J et al. Nucl Instr Meth, 1997, B130: 576~581

Orlic I, Osipowicz T, Watt F et al. Nucl Instr Meth, 1995, B104: 630〜637

Grim G W.

X-ray spectrosc, 1998, 27: 221〜231

Jambers W, Grieken R V.

Trends Anal Chem, 1996, 15: 114~122

Hickmott D D, Herrin J M, Abell R et al. Nucl Instr Meth, 1997, B130: 564〜570

Orlic I.

Nucl Instr Meth, 1995, B104: 602〜611

Artaxo P, Rabello M L C, Watt F et al. Nucl Instr Meth, 1993, B75: 521〜525

Orlic I, Watt F, Loh K K et al. Nucl Instr Meth, 1994, B85: 840~844

Cohen D D, Garton D, Stelcer E.

Nucl Instr Meth, 2000, B161/163: 775~779

Jaksic M, Bogdanovic I, Gereda E et al. Nucl Instr Meth, 1993, B77: 505〜508

Orlic I, Zhou S, Watt F.

Nucl Instr Meth, 1999, B158: 505〜510

Chen M, Chen J, Li D.

Shanghai Environ Sci (in Chinese), 1997, 16(10): 15~17

Sha Y, Gu Y, Liu G et al. Nucl Instr Meth, 1996, B109/110: 79〜84

Sha Y, Shi J, Gu Y et al. Nucl Sci Tech (China), 1996, 7: 61~64

Butz T. Flagmeyer R -H, Heitmann J etal. Nucl Instr Meth, 2000, B161/163: 323〜327

Tanabe K, Tamura T, Uesaka H.

Appl Spectrose, 1992, 46(5): 807~810

Mitternayr C R, Drouen A C J H, Otto M.

Anal Chim Acta, 1994, 294(2): 227〜242

Cheng Z, Li M, Xu S.

Nucl Tech (in Chinese), 1996, 19(8): 449〜452

Bos M, Weber H T.

Anal Chim Acta, 1991, 247(1): 97〜105

Allanic A L, Jezequel J Y, Andre J C.

Anal Chem, 1992, 64(21): 2618~2622

McClelland J L, Rumelhart D E.

Parallel distributed processing. Cambridge: MIT Bradfort Press, 1986

Fan X, Zhang W, Han S.

Environ Sci (in Chinese), 1999, 20(5): 102~108

Weingartner E, Kelles C, Stahel W A et al. Atmos Environ, 1997, 31: 451〜462