History and prospects of irradiation treatment of sewage sludge

History and prospects of irradiation treatment of sewage sludge 1 first-author 1 Applied Radiation Instituite, Shanghai University, Shanghai 201800 Applied Radiation Instituite, Shanghai University, Shanghai 201800 This paper presents a survey of irradiation treatment of sewage sludge in the world. Since the first sludge irradiation plant was built in Geiselbullach, West Germany in 1973 which used 60 Co as irradiation source, many sludge irradiators were constructed in USA, India, Japan, Canada, Poland and so on, which used 60 Co, 137 Cs or electron beam as irradiation sources. Some basic researches on irradiation treatment of sewage sludge are, respectively, reviewed, including optimization of irradiation parameters, synergistic effect of radiation with heat, oxygenation, irradiation-composting and potential applications of treated sludge. Some proposals have been suggested for further development of this technology. Sewage sludge Irradiation γ-ray Electron beam References Lessel T , Sucess A . Radiat Phys Chem , 1984 , 24 ( 1 ): 3 ~ 16 Radiat Phys Chem Siviuski J , Ahlstoom S . Radiat Phys Chem , 1984 , 24 ( 1 ): 19 ~ 27 Radiat Phys Chem Scoot B , Ahlstion P E . Radiat Phys Chem , 1988 , 31 ( 1~ 3 ): 131 ~ 138 Radiat Phys Chem Hashimoto S , Nishimura K . Radiat Phys Chem , 1988 , 31 ( 1~3 ): 109 ~ 114 Radiat Phys Chem Iya V K , Krishnamurthy K . Radiat Phys Chem , 1984 , 24 ( 1 ): 67 ~ 75 Radiat Phys Chem Scott B , Ahstrom P E . Radiat Phys Chem , 1984 , 25 ( 1~ 3 ): 1 ~ 10 Radiat Phys Chem Kawakami W , Hashimoto S . Radiat Phys Chem , 1984 , 24 ( 1 ): 29 ~ 40 Radiat Phys Chem YONG Tingtian , YUN Guichun , HA Hongfei . Radiat Phys Chem , 1988 , 31 ( 1~ 3 ): 273 ~ 279 Radiat Phys Chem Chemielewski A G . Radiation treatment-an enabling technology for environment protection and public health . Int Symp Appl Isotopes Radiat conservation environment . Karlsruhe , 9~13, March, 1992 . IAEA . sm 325/142 Radiation treatment-an enabling technology for environment protection and public health BAO Borong , WU Minghong et al . Nucl Tech (in Chinese) , 1996 , 19 ( 12 ): 759 ~ 764 Nucl Tech (in Chinese) 1998-04-10 1999-02-01 2021-02-05 1999 Nuclear Science and Techniques 1 10