This paper introduces the resident's additional dose in bone-coal mining areas. The increase of the annual additional effective doses accepted by the residents living in the carbide-brick houses, the staffs working in the carbide-brick houses and the miners working in the bone-coal mining areas of Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Zhejiang and Anhui Provinces is caused by the rising of environmental radioactive level. The investigation of natural background radiation in the bone-coal mining areas indicated that both mining and utilizing bone-coal cause the rise of environmental radioactive level. The ranges of the annual additional effective dose accepted by the residents, staffs and miners is 1.9——6.8 mSv, 0.5——2.0 mSv and 8.2——71 mSv, and with an average of 3.8 mSv, 1 mSv and 40 mSv, respectively. The annual additional effective doses accepted by part residents and staffs exceed the dose limit of 1 mSv for public exposure, and part miners exceed the dose limit of 20 mSv for occupational exposure. And the contribution of dose caused by inhaled radon to the total additional effective dose is over 76%.