Vol.14,

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF) is a proposed 3rd generation light source with 3.5 GeV in energy. It is composed of 20 DBA cells resulting in a ring that is about 10 nm·rad in emittance and 396 m in circumference, and provides 10 straight sections of 7.24 m and other 10 straight sections of 5.0 m for the inclusion of insertion devices, injection components and RF cavities. The lattice has high flexibility, and the tunes and beta functions can be easily adjusted within a wide range to meet the requirements for different operation modes, including high beta mode and hybrid beta mode with and/or without dispersion in straight sections. In this paper, the results of linear optics design and dynamic aperture study are presented.

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Synchrotron radiation sources, whose number is steadily increasing, are undoubtedly the most powerful and brilliant sources in the x-ray range. Although the synchrotron emission covers with high brilliance also the infrared region, its use in this energy range has developed at a much slower rate. Nowadays, after a couple of decades of attempts, the aim of extending the unique performances of the synchrotron source to the infrared domain is achieved by several dedicated beamlines in different countries. With their high-brilliance, polarized and broad-band radiation one may perform experiments that are out of the range of conventional sources from the near-IR up to the far-IR range.

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Several nanostructures we produced by ion irradiation have been reviewed in this paper. By using ions to irradiate two ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene targets respectively, it was found that small fullerenes C₂₀ and C₂₆ were grown, adding two members to the fullerene family. Meanwhile, crystalline diamonds also have been produced by Ar⁺ ions irradiation of graphite. In the experiment of double ions Ni⁺ and Ar⁺ irradiation, nanoscale argon bubbles formed. On the other side, when multi-wall carbon nanotubes were irradiated by C⁺, many MWCNTs evolved to amorphous carbon nanowires and amorphous carbon nanotubes. And there are possible welding in the crossed nanotubes.

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An inherent self-heating effect of the silicon-on-insulator (SOI) devices limits their application at high current levels. In this paper a novel solution to reduce the self-heating effect is proposed, based on N⁺ and O⁺ co-implantation into silicon wafer to form a new buried layer structure. This new structure was simulated using Medici program, and the temperature distribution and output characteristics were compared with those of the conventional SOI counterparts. As expected, a reduction of self-heating effect in the novel SOI device was observed.

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TTHMP (triethylenetetraaminehexamethylenephosphonic acid) was labeled with ¹⁵³Sm. The labeling condition, stability, mole ratio of ¹⁵³Sm to TTHMP, rabbit bone imaging and bio-distribution of ¹⁵³Sm-TTHMP in mice were investigated. The results showed that weak basic media and high concentration ligands were favorable to form ¹⁵³Sm-TTHMP; labeling compounds were stable at pH 7 in 7 days. The results also indicated that the chemical mole ratio of ¹⁵³Sm-TTHMP is n(¹⁵³Sm)﹕n(TTHMP) = 1﹕1 and skeleton uptake of ¹⁵³Sm-TTHMP is high((13.96±3.51)% /g at 1h post injection and (13.54±2.98)% /g at 48h post injection), while the non-target tissue uptake is relatively low, so ¹⁵³Sm-TTHMP is a promising bone tumor therapeutic agent.

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Tin is an essential ingredient of most technetium-99m radiopharmaceuticals but its in-vivo distribution and long-term fate are not well understood. This work describes distribution in mice of several tin-117m labeled compounds. The results indicate that stannic-HEDTMP appears to be the best overall bone localizing agent with very low blood, muscle, kidney, or liver uptake, and its binding to bone is higher than that of tin-117m-DTPA, which make it potentially useful as an agent for skeletal scintigraphy and radiotherapy of bone tumors.

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A detailed kinetic study of ligand-exchange reaction between ^99mTc-GH and EC was carried out. The rate constants (k) of ligand-exchange reaction at different EC concentrations and different pH values were calculated. The k values (L·mol^-1·min^-1) were 3.7×10³, 4.1×10³, 3.9×10³ and 3.9×10³ at EC concentrations (μmol·L^-1) of 559.7, 279.9, 186.6 and 55.97, respectively, while k values were 3.7×10³, 3.4×10³, 1.9×10³ and 3.1×10² when pH values were 10, 9, 8 and 7, respectively, and k had an increase of the order of magnitude from pH 7 to pH 8. It demonstrated that k of the ligand exchange reaction was pH dependent and pH value of the reaction solution must be equal to or little higher than 8 in order to make the labeling yield of ^99mTc-EC higher than 90%.

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Transmission data for 12 MV bremsstrahlung beams produced by the process for continuous-pulsed 12 MV electrons coming from a linear accelerator hitting a 1.2mm thick plane tantalum target have been acquired with a combination of iron and Telfon attenuators. Two solid state dosimeters with LiF-TLD material surrounded Telfon were used as detectors. It has been checked that the experimental system achieves reasonably narrow-beam geometry by Monte Carlo simulations. From these transmission data, the original energy photon spectrum has been reconstructed using the iterative least-squares technique and compared with the spectrum calculated with Monte Carlo code system EGSnrc. The comparison shows that the numerical technique for analysis of transmission data can represent 12 MV bremsstrahlung spectrum acceptably well. The purpose of our work is to provide an effective way to reconstruct an unknown photon spectrum with high energy component and prove the correctness of this way.

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The liquid phase turbulent structure of an air-water bubbly horizontal flow in a circular pipe has been investigated experimentally. Three-dimensional measurements were implemented with two "X" type probes oriented in different planes, and local liquid-phase velocities and turbulent stresses were simultaneously obtained. Systematic measurements were conducted covering a range of local void fraction from 0 to 11.7%. The important experiment results and parametric trends are summarized and discussed.

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