Vol.18,

The laser fusion criterion is known as the ρR-Criterion, also called high-gain condition. This parameter is temperature dependent and can be calculated by R-matrix method. This method is applied for determining improved fusion cross-section for the reactions T(d,n)⁴He, ³He(d,p)⁴He, D(d,p)T, D(d,n)³He. In this paper the time dependent reaction rate equations for fusion reaction T(d,n)⁴He are solved and by using the obtained results we computed the fusion power density, energy gain versus temperature and ρR-parameter. The obtained results show that a suitable combination may be a deuterium fraction f_D=0.65 and f_T=0.35 which would lead 30% reduction in the tritium content of the fuel mixture, and this choice would not change the energy gain value very much. Finally, the obtained energy gain for D-T reaction by using R-matrix is in good agreement with other theories.

360

385

Dosimetric characterization of aqueous solution of basic fuchsin was studied spectrophotometrically for possible application in the low-dose food irradiation dosimetry. Absorption spectra of unirradiated and irradiated solutions were determined and the decrease in absorbance with the dose was noted down. Radiation-induced bleaching of the dye was measured at wavelengths of maximum absorption λ_max (540nm) as well as 510nm and 460 nm. At all these wavelengths, the decrease in absorbance of the dosimeter was linear with respect to the absorbed dose from 50 Gy to 600 Gy. The stability of dosimetric solution during post-irradiation storage in the dark at room temperature showed that after initial bleaching during first ten to twenty days, the response was almost stable for about 34 days. The study on the effect of different light and temperature conditions also showed that the response gradually decreased during the storage period of 34 days, which shows that basic fuchsin dye is photosensitive as well as thermally sensitive.

645

Linear accelerators equipped with multileaf collimators (MLC) are becoming more common and are widely used in the intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT). There is an imperative need to ensure the commissioning specification of the linear accelerators for the sake of quality assurance (QA) and quality control (QC). This paper is aimed to investigate the role of AGFA high-energy CR (Computed Radiography) in calibrating dynamic multileaf collimators and evaluating the accuracy of the leaf position. The result shows that AGFA high-energy CR can easily and conveniently be used to calibrate MLC and verify its position. Hence, the application of AGFA high-energy CR is proved to be an accurate and time-saving method for routine MLC QC, especially when MLC calibration adjustments are required.

570

352

Due to relatively high uptake of glucose in the brain cortex, the use of FDG PET imaging is greatly limited in brain tumor imaging, especially for low-grade gliomas and some metastatic tumours. More and more tracers with higher specificity were developed lately for brain tumor imaging. There are 3 main types of non-FDG PET tracers: amino acid tracers, choline tracers and nucleic acid tracers. These tracers are now widely applied in many aspects of brain tumor imaging. This article summarized the general use of non-FDG PET in different aspects of brain tumor imaging.

309

The aim of the present work was to develop radiolabelling fatty acids based on ⁹⁹Tc^m carbonyl chemistry for heart imaging. Undecanoic acids functionalised with iminodiacetatic acid and cysteine were radiolabelled with [⁹⁹Tc^m (CO)₃(H₂O)₃]⁺ intermediates, and their radiolabelling conditions were carefully studied. Biodistribution of ⁹⁹Tc^m (CO)₃-CYST FAC11 and ⁹⁹Tc^m (CO)₃-IDA FAC11 were observed in normal mice. The results showed that two ⁹⁹Tc^m-labelled compounds had similar profile in terms of high initial radioactivity uptake and rapid washout of radiotracers in the heart. ⁹⁹Tc^m (CO)₃-IDA FAC11 was mainly excreted via hepatobiliary system in contrast to ⁹⁹Tc^m (CO)₃-CYST FAC11, which was excreted from urinary system. It may be in part attributed to the more lipophilicity of ⁹⁹Tc^m (CO)₃-IDA FAC11 than ⁹⁹Tc^m (CO)₃-CYST FAC11.

368

A novel front-end circuit designed for PMT signals processing considering the solution of "Time Walk" correction is discussed in this paper. We are trying to apply the TOT (Time over Threshold) technique to our research. Different from traditional ways, where amplitude is measured, time width is measured for slew correction here, which takes the advantage of TDC. Expensive fast ADCs are abandoned and the whole time measurement electronics design becomes more effective and economical. Test boards have been developed and a convenient method is introduced to evaluate our TOT technique. Results have shown that a 10ps slew correction resolution is achieved throughout the amplitude range from -108mV to -2000mV for negative signals of both 5 ns leading and trailing edge with 10 ns 50%-50% pulse width.

336

In this work, characteristics of using PSFs (plastic scintillation fibers) coupled with CCD (charge-coupled devices ) to build area detectors for high energy X-ray imaging are studied with a Monte Carlo simulation, which cover an energy range of a few hundred keV to about 20 MeV. It was found that the efficiency of PSF in detecting X-ray with energy above a few hundred keV is low. We can use large incident flux to increase the output signal to noise ratio (SNR). The performance can also be improved by coating PSF with X-ray absorption layers and the MTF of the system is presented. By optimizing the absorption layer thickness, the crosstalk of the area detector built with PSF decreases.

439

The monitoring results of gross α and gross β activity from 2001 to 2005 for environmental airborne aerosol samples around the Qinshan NPP base are presented in this paper. A total of 170 aerosol samples were collected from monitoring sites of Caichenmen village, Qinlian village, Xiajiawan village and Yangliucun village around the Qinshan NPP base. The measured specific activity of gross α and gross β are in the range of 0.02~0.38 mBq/m³ and 0.10~1.81 mBq/m³, respectively, with an average of 0.11 mBq/m³ and 0.45mBq/m³, respectively. They are lower than the average of 0.15 mBq/m³ and 0.52mBq/m³, of reference site at Hangzhou City. It is indicated that the specific activity of gross α and gross β for environmental aerosol samples around the Qinshan NPP base had not been increased in normal operating conditions of the NPP.

534

The hydrogen deflagration is one of the major risk contributors to threaten the integrity of the containment in a nuclear power plant, and hydrogen control in the case of severe accidents is required by nuclear regulations. Based on the large dry containment model developed with the integral severe-accident analysis tool, a small-break loss-of-coolant-accident (LOCA) without HPI, LPI, AFW and containment sprays, leading to the core degradation and large hydrogen generation, is calculated. Hydrogen and steam distribution in containment compartments is investigated. The analysis results show that significant hydrogen deflagration risk exits in the reactor coolant pump (RCP) compartment and the cavity during the early period, if no actions are taken to mitigate the effects of hydrogen accumulation.

373

The investigation on natural circulation (NC) characteristics of the China Advanced Research Reactor(CARR) is very valuable for practical engineering application and also a key subject for the CARR. In this study, a computer code was developed to calculate the NC capacity of the CARR under different pool water temperatures. Effects of the pool water temperature on NC characteristics were analyzed. The results show that with increasing pool water temperature, the NC flow rate increases while the NC capacity decreases. Based on the computation results and theoretical deduction, a correlation was proposed on predicting the relationship between the NC mass flow and the core power under different conditions. The correlation prediction agrees well with the computational result within ±10% for the maximal deviation. This work is instructive for the actual operation of the CARR.

323